| Gopalganj district गोपालगंज जिला |
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Location of Gopalganj district in Bihar |
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| State | Bihar, India |
| Administrative division | Saran |
| Headquarters | Gopalganj, India |
| Area | 2,033 km2 (785 sq mi) |
| Population | 2,152,638 (2001) |
| Population density | 1,057 /km2 (2,740 /sq mi) |
| Urban population | 130,536 |
| Literacy | 48.19 per cent[1] |
| Lok Sabha Constituencies | Gopalganj |
| Assembly Seats | Baikunthpur, Barauli, Gopalganj, Kuchaikote, Bhore, Hathua |
| Official website | |
Gopalganj is the administrative district in the state of Bihar in India. The district headquarter is located in the town of Gopalganj and the district is a part of Saran Division. Languages spoken are Bhojpuri, Urdu and Hindi.
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In decent time the name of Gopalganj was "MUBARAKPUR". An ancient state of "Mallyas" known for their bravery and love for civil liberty serves as the frontier of Gopalganj. In Pre- historic time, Gopalganj was part of Nepal, up to the bank of the Saryu river which bounds Siwan district on South of it. Siwan means the boundary - the Southern boundary of Nepal Kingdom(earlier) . Gopalganj, which till 1875 was only a tiny hamlet, was made a subdivision of the old Saran district in the same year. It became an independent district on October 2, 1973. The old Saran district included the present districts of Saran, Siwan and Gopalganj.
The history of Gopalganj is a part of the history of old Saran District. The composite Saran district lies on one of the main lines of the Aryan advance.
According to a tradition preserved in Vedic literature, the Videhas marched eastwards from the Saraswati until they reached the banks of the Gandak and were informed by Agni, the God of fire, that their home lay to the east of its broad stream. In obedience to his directions, the Videhas crossed the river and founded a powerful kingdom on its eastern bank ; but it seems likely that some of them settled in Saran, which lay on the line of march, while the majority of them crossed the Gandak.
Gopalganj became a fully-fledged district when it was split from Saran in 1976.[2]
Gopalganj district, India occupies an area of 2,033 square kilometres (785 sq mi),[3] comparatively equivalent to Spain's Tenerife Island.[4] Total physical area can roughly be put in two categories i.e. Normal Area and Lowly Area (flood affected area). Parts of the six blocks like Gopalganj, Kuchaykot, Manjha, Sidhwalia, Barauli and Baikunthpur are flood affected areas. These areas remain under water in the rainy season. But so far as cultivation and agriculture is concern these areas are called the stock of food grains. Rest of the parts is normal area with full greenery and cultivable land.
Geographical Location of Gopalganj district lies between 26° 12 to 26° 39 North latitudes 83° 54 to 84° 55 East longitudes. The district occupies an area of 2033 km² and has population of 2,149,343 (as of 2001).
Gopalganj, Sidhwaliya, Thawe, Hathuwa, Mirganj, Barauli, Kateya, Vijaipur, Jalalpur, Kuchaikote, Sasa Musa, Sipaya Bazar, Manjha Garh(Block), Sawreji, Uchakagoan (Block), Phulwaria, Songdhawa, Hurssepur, Siswa, Uzra naryanpur, Panchdewari Bazar(Block), Bhore Bazar, Bansi Batraha, Misra Batraha, Mirallipur, Mahhamadpur, Badheya, Barhima, Dumariya, Gopalpur.
Gopalganj has a varied climate. It is exceptionally hot and dry during summer with temperature reaching as high as 45 degrees Celsius. Gopalganj receives about 500 mm rainfall during monsoons, which is followed by pleasant temperature in winter. District receives an average rainfall of about 290 mm and the temperature varies from 10 to 45 degree Celsius.
In 2006 the Ministry of Panchayati Raj named Gopalganj one of the country's 250 most backward districts (out of a total of 640).[5] It is one of the 36 districts in Bihar currently receiving funds from the Backward Regions Grant Fund Programme (BRGF).[5]
The city has 5 nationalized and 2 co-operative banks. Automated teller machine(ATM) facilities are provided by SBI, Canara Bank, Punjab National Bank, Central Bank of India, Axis Bank, ICICI Bank, Bank of India, Union Bank, Allahabad Bank, UCO Bank, Andhra Bank, and United Bank. SBI Gopalganj also provides an internet banking facility.
The city doesn't have good transport facilities. Public transport in the city is largely dependent on private buses. Taxis and rickshaws are available for hire throughout the day. Narrow and congested roads and the mix of vastly differing types of vehicles have made a problem in the city traffic. It is connected by rail by a loop line origination from Chhapra. Thawe near Gopalganj town, is a rail junction. Sabeyan Hawai Adda is an airport in Gopalganj.
According to the 2011 census Gopalganj district, India has a population of 2,558,037 ,[6] roughly equal to the nation of Kuwait[7] or the US state of Nevada.[8] This gives it a ranking of 163rd in India (out of a total of 640).[6] The district has a population density of 1,258 inhabitants per square kilometre (3,260 /sq mi) .[6] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 18.83 %.[6] Gopalganj has a sex ratio of 1015 females for every 1000 males,[6] and a literacy rate of 67.04 %.[6]
Based on the 2010 Census:
Fairs and Festivals :- Four main fairs are held in the district which attract a number of devotees not only from within the district but also from the rest of the state. These are: the Shri Rama Navami, Holi fair at Gopalganj town,Fair During Muharram at Madhwalal Mirganj is very famous and brings devotees from all over India. held during the Hindu month of Kartik; the Navaratri-Mahalaxmi fair at Gopalganj town during Navaratri (October–November); Dasshera and Deepawali. Thawe Durga Mandir, Jalalpur Durga Mandir and Krishna Temple are very popular religious places. The Jama Masjid at Islamiya Muhalla Gopal ganj is the biggest mosque of the district it also has a madrassa for educating young minds of the district. Bhojpuri and Hindi are the main languages spoken here.The main places of interests are Thawe, Jalalpur, Dighwa-dubauli, Husepur, Lakdi Dargah, and Shivpur(lachhwar) Durga Mandir.[10]
Gopalganj has been a major player in the politics of Bihar and has produced great leaders such as:
Smt. Ram Dulari Singh popularly known as Smt. Ram Dulari Sinha was born in a small village Manikpur in this district, she made her parents and village proud when she did her masters in the pre-independence era when hardly any girl child use to go to school and even did masters in another subject and became the first woman in Bihar to have done double M.A, but the irony is such that Smt. Rabri Devi of the same district an illiterate woman became the first woman Chief Minister of Bihar. Smt. Ram Dulari Sinha of the Indian National Congress was involved in the freedom struggle, she became union minister and later became the Governor of Kerela, who was an honest politician and a dedicated congress woman. Today her son Dr. Madhurendra Kumar Singh of the Indian National Congress is involved in politics and is holding the leadership of Sheohar and Sitamarhi Districts and the adjoining areas of East Champaran and Muzzafarpur Districts.
Mr. Abdul Gafoor was an honest politician who became the Chief Minister of Bihar. When J.P started the movement against the then congress government he quoted that "nobody in the Bihar congress was honest except Smt. Ram Dulari Sinha, Shri. Abdul Gafoor an the then speaker of the Bihar assembly and the rest are corrupt" (it was part of the speech which was witnessed by a massive crowd at the Gandhi Maidan in Patna on 5 June 1975).
Mr.Laloo Prasad Yadav and his wife Smt. Rabri Devi are also from the same district. Mr.Yadav became the Chief Minister of Bihar and later when Mr. Yadav was convicted in the fodder scam and send to prison his wife Smt. Rabri Devi took over as the Chief Minister and continued till 2005. Mr.Yadav also became Railway Minister in the U.P.A Government.
Initially Gopalganj had little to offer in terms of good quality education to its residents. Presently Schools and colleges in the city are either run by the government or by private trusts and individuals. The schools are each affiliated with either the Central Board for Secondary Education (CBSE), or the Bihar School Examination Board.[11] English is the medium of instruction in most private schools; though government run schools offer both English and Hindi. After completing their secondary education, which involves ten years of schooling, students typically enroll at Higher Secondary School in one of the three streams—Arts, Commerce or Science. Gopalganj is best suitable for school level studies and has many notable schools like D.A.V. Middle School,D.A.V High School, Kendriya Vidyalaya, Sainik School,Jawahar Navodaya Vidyalaya gopalganj and Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Govt. Residential High School,Hathwa, are playing the vital role in shaping the talent. After Higher Secondary, students have not much option for continuing their studies further here. The city has 290 primary schools, 100 secondary schools, 8 higher secondary schools, 5 colleges, 1 Industrial training institute, and 1 polytechnic college but no other institutions of higher learning, not even a single university and medical/engineering institution.
The city has 17 Hospitals, 19 primary health centres, and 80 sub-centres. The district has a network of government-run health facilities consisting of the district hospital. Rural hospitals, primary health centres, sub-centres and dispensaries provide basic healthcare to the rural population. The city has good communication facilities also. It has a fully computerized head post office and other 41 branch post offices, 11 telegraph offices and many telecom service providers like Aircel, Airtel, Idea cellular, Vodafone, Uninor, MTS, S-Tel, Tata Indicom, Docomo, Reliance Infocomm, and the state owned BSNL.
There is also a local FM radio station named Radio Rimjhim and TV broadcasting channel.There are over five cinema halls that screen movies in Bhojpuri and Hindi. Popular news papers include Dainik Jagran, Dainik Hindustan, Aaj, Prabhat Khabar, Hindustan Times, Sahara Samay, Times of India, etc.
The city owns indoor and outdoor stadiums namely Ambedkar Bhavan and Minz Stadium respectively.
| Kushinagar district, Uttar Pradesh | West Champaran district | |||
| Deoria district, Uttar Pradesh | East Champaran district | |||
| Gopalganj district | ||||
| Siwan district | Muzaffarpur district Saran district |
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